LIFTING EQUIPMENT FOR VERTICALLY ELEVATING AN OCTOGONAL CORRUGATED CARDBOARD (Machine-translation by

专利摘要:
Apparatus (50) for raising a corrugated cardboard drum (80) equipped with eight thin and smooth faces (81) separated by folds (82) parallel to the vertical direction (Z), closed at the bottom with a base (83) and open at the top. The apparatus (50) comprises in use a lifting support (1), four pressure members (41) and a suffering structure (6). The sufridera structure (6) comprises about four first side walls (51) flat and parallel to the vertical direction (Z), facing two to two, and defining an octagonal contour (C) of eight sides suitable for coupling by the part top of the drum (80). The octagonal contour (C) is configured so that, in use, each first side wall (51) is facing and attached with a respective alternate face (81) of the extrados or intrados of the drum (80). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2741445A2
申请号:ES201930609
申请日:2019-07-02
公开日:2020-02-11
发明作者:Olmos Telesforo Gonzalez
申请人:Telesforo Gonzalez Maquinaria SL；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001]
[0002] LIFTING EQUIPMENT FOR VERTICALLY ELEVATING A CARDBOARD DRUM
[0003]
[0004] SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
[0005]
[0006] The present invention concerns with a lifting apparatus for vertically raising a hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum, provided with eight thin and smooth side faces. The term "smooth faces" refers to the fact that said drum to be loaded has no profiles, projections, flanges, perforations or holes to allow it to be lifted. Thus, the lifting is carried out by friction. Said corrugated cardboard comprises at least one sheet of paper plain and a sheet of corrugated paper, adhered to each other.This type of corrugated cardboard is known as single-sided, so the double-sided corrugated cardboard, provided with two outer smooth sheets of paper between which is inserted at least one sheet of corrugated paper, triple-sided corrugated cardboard, etc.
[0007]
[0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0009]
[0010] The apparatus of the present invention is useful for lifting the drums described in documents ES2717723A1, ES2666269A1, U201830796, U201830798, U201830802, and U201830797. Said drum is made of prismatic, octagonal and hollow corrugated cardboard. Said drum is provided with a body of eight thin and smooth faces separated by folds parallel to the vertical direction. The drum is closed in its lower part with a base attached to the extrados of the body, and is open in its upper part. Said eight faces define an intrados and an extrados of said drum.
[0011]
[0012] Document US3264027A shows a tool with four hooks facing two to two and distributed around the outer side of a cylindrical wall. The tool manually lifts a substantially cylindrical, hollow, and thin-walled container with ridges. The tool comprises a support with a movable part that, when manually pressed by an operator, moves hooks against a circular flange located in the upper part of a cylindrical wall. The hooks are located on the outside of the cylindrical wall. In the locked position, the hooks press the edge of the container against the circular flange of the cylindrical wall.
[0013] A drawback of this tool is that it needs said container flange and said circular flange for lifting the load. The hooks are pusher members that do not press the wall of the cylindrical container on the cylindrical wall, but rather the hooks press the flange of the container against the circular flange. Therefore, the cylindrical wall does not suffer pressure and is not a suffering wall, and the tool is not suitable for lifting a hollow cylindrical container provided with eight smooth faces, that is, free of profiles, perforations, flanges or flanges to allow its hoisting
[0014]
[0015] Document US2327005A shows an apparatus for raising a metal cylindrical barrel with a cylindrical crown free of flanges at its end. Said apparatus is apt to load the barrel vertically by friction. The apparatus comprises a suffering structure with a horizontal tube and a vertical tube welded in an inverted T-shape with two round curved interiors fixed at both ends of the horizontal tube. The apparatus comprises a movable support with respect to the suffering structure. Said movable support comprises a shirt-type support slidably mounted with respect to said vertical tube of the suffering structure and two pressure members materialized in respective arms provided with a curved outer round. The shirt support is provided with a coupling for coupling said device to a lifting device, for example, forklift, hoist, etc. These two arms are diametrically opposite and are pivotally mounted on the sleeve support and on the respective ends of the horizontal tube. When the apparatus is lifted by pulling the coupling, the shirt support rises, the arms swing, the inner rounds of the suffering structure press on the inner wall of the barrel cylindrical crown and the outer rounds press against the outer wall of the cylindrical crown of the barrel. barrel, thus raising the load. The apparatus lifts the barrel by pressing two opposite curved portions of the barrel by friction due to the flat geometry of the apparatus.
[0016]
[0017] Document US20010001525A1 shows in its Figures 10 to 13 an essentially flat apparatus for lifting a cylindrical container of wood conglomerate of thin and smooth walls, that is, the container does not have flanges to allow its lifting. The apparatus comprises a movable support that slides with respect to a suffering structure provided with two curved lateral suffering walls. The movable support is provided with a coupling attachable to a lifting device, such as a forklift. The apparatus also comprises two arms connected at its end pivotally to the movable support. In addition the apparatus comprises two levers pivotally connected to the respective arms by their other ends, pivotally connected to the suffering structure, and having the respective curved pressure members fixed in use against the respective curved lateral suffering walls of the suffering structure. The two curved pressure members are arranged on the inside of the respective curved side walls facing each other. Thus, the curved pressure members press the cylindrical container inside. When lifting the load, the mobile support is raised by pivoting two curved pressure members that trap the inner wall of the cylinder against the curved suffering walls of the suffering structure, which press the outside of the cylinder. Mobile support and wall sufridera are lockable, with the pressure members in open position, by means of a pin inserted in a hole.
[0018]
[0019] A problem with the devices of US2327005A and US20010001525A1 is that they press the load walls only at two diametrically opposite points. Since the container to be raised is metallic and a conglomerate of wood, respectively, this may be sufficient in these applications. However, a number of pressure points greater than two and a larger friction surface are needed to lift the corrugated cardboard drum full of product without breaking, crushing or crushing the corrugated paper sheet or sheets that are an integral part of the cardboard Corrugated and without deforming the top of the drum or its side faces. If a sheet of corrugated paper breaks, crushes or chafa destroying its wavy shape, the expansion and compression resistance of the corrugated cardboard drum decreases dramatically. For example, the drums will resist a lower weight when a drum is stacked on top of the other, after being manipulated with the apparatus to load the drum vertically. Likewise, the upper open part and the sides of the drum must not be subject to deformations due to the use of the apparatus on the corrugated cardboard drum so as not to reduce the resistance of the drum for later use.
[0020]
[0021] Document DE3314806C1 shows an apparatus with eight pressure points. Said apparatus does not exhibit a suffering wall, since the apparatus is suitable for feeding cylindrical articles pressed into round storage containers. It includes a support where a motor connected to a ball screw is mounted. With the rotation of the motor, the ball screw drives eight arms, which extend radially from the center of the support. However, a hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum with thin faces cannot be lifted by this apparatus, since it does not have an internal suffering structure that counteracts the pressure of the eight arms, thus allowing its lifting by friction, avoiding deformation of the faces and damage from crushing and / or crushing the corrugated corrugated cardboard.
[0022]
[0023] Document FR2939452A shows a clamp for lifting plates with four pressure points and a suffering structure with a cylindrical wall of reduced surface area. Said four pressure points correspond to four pressure members that are moved by a cylinder supported in the cylindrical bearing structure against the outside of the plate to be raised. The suffering structure is fixedly connected to the lifting support, which includes a coupling for connection to a lifting device, for example, a forklift. The cylindrical wall is inserted into the center of the plate to be raised to reduce the deformation of the plate due to the pressure of the four thrust members. These four pressure members have pointed protrusions that are embedded in the cover plate for lifting. Such pointed protrusions would break the wave of corrugated cardboard and decrease the mechanical strength of the corrugated cardboard drum. In addition, the apparatus is configured and is suitable for lifting essentially flat objects, specifically plates. In addition, the cylindrical suffering structure is not even adapted for lifting thin-walled cylindrical objects.
[0024] Document FR2752232A1 describes an apparatus to be coupled to a crane hook comprising scissor links with a common pivot fixed to a support frame. The scissor links have lower ends equipped with rounded jaws and upper ends pivoted to a respective auxiliary link. The auxiliary links are connected to a common upper pivot fixed to a coupling attachable to a crane hook. A rotating latch blocks the common pivot to keep the jaws open. An operator lowers and adjusts the jaws on a head of a hemispherical object to be raised. An inverted funnel centers the head of the object to be raised. The operator remotely disconnects a solenoid that supports an arm with weight attached to the rotating latch. When the solenoid is disconnected a rod linked to the solenoid is retracted. The weight arm balances the latch and releases the auxiliary links and the scissor links. Before starting the lift, the coupling lowers so that a notch of the rotating latch receives the pivot securing the links. After this, the lifting begins and the jaws close with the pivot secured. Thus, the rotary latch provides three positions: a jaw locking position with the open jaws, an unlocked jaw position, and a locked position with the jaws closed during lifting.
[0025]
[0026] GB1326743A describes a clamp for lifting objects comprising a pair of primary arms provided at their free ends with a jaw and joined in a common pivot, and a pair of secondary arms attached to the other ends of the primary arms. The secondary arms are mounted at their other respective ends a second common pivot on which it mounts a coupling suitable for lifting by means of a lifting device, such as a crane. Primary and secondary arms make up a scissor mechanism. The apparatus incorporates an automatic locking device that includes a rotating latch pivotally mounted on a pivot fixed to the primary arm for the movement of the primary and secondary arms between two positions. A rotating latch position prevents the jaw from closing while the other position allows the jaw to be closed on the primary arms. The locking device is automatic because the operator does not intervene in its locking and unlocking, but it locks and unlocks when the clamp is raised and lowered.
[0027]
[0028] The latch has an opening to receive a projection made in a primary arm, the projection being located at the limit of the opening when the jaws are in their fully closed position limited by a stop. When the clamp is lowered so that it is coupled with a load or a surface, the jaws are forced open by the weight of the apparatus and the projection moves down through the opening of the latch to a position of the opening in which the latch is it is in a position of gravitational equilibrium, and the downward movement causes the projection to move into a recess in the opening of the latch which is shaped in such a way that the closure of the jaw is avoided.
[0029]
[0030] The jaw cannot be closed until the projection moves to another gravitational equilibrium position of the latch by opening the jaw further, after which the projection runs along the profile of the opening allowing the jaw to close as it Raise. A second stop limits the amount of jaw opening. The blocking device moves between the equilibrium positions by the reaction between the projection and the opening. The balancing positions can be maintained only by gravity, or assisted or replaced by a spring arrangement on the center of the center of rotation of the rotary latch. Alternatively, an auxiliary locking device can replace the recess of the retention member.
[0031] Thus, the latch provides a rotating latch position that prevents the jaw from closing, and another rotary latch position that allows the jaw closure located in the primary arms.
[0032]
[0033] A drawback of documents FR2752232A1 and GB1326743A is that the blocking or unlocking of the blocking device depends on the lifting of the apparatus through the coupling to lift the load or its descent to rest on the ground or on the load. This dependence on the presence or absence of lifting force in the coupling causes that if the load falls on an unstable surface or the load receives lateral impacts, the locking device can be unlocked due to the absence of the lifting force, and the Jaw can open causing the load to fall or tip over. Examples of unstable surfaces are: a surface that is not perfectly flat or an inclined surface, among others. Thus, greater reliability would be achieved during stacking corrugated cardboard drums.
[0034]
[0035] None of the above documents provides an apparatus for vertically raising an octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum provided with eight thin and smooth faces, without breaking, crushing or crushing the corrugated paper sheet or sheets that form an integral part of the corrugated cardboard, without deforming the top of the drum or its side faces.
[0036]
[0037] Neither, none of the above documents disclose apparatus for vertically elevating an octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum equipped with eight thin and smooth faces, improving the robustness of the locking device of its jaws when the load is unloaded on unstable support surfaces or receives impacts.
[0038] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
[0039]
[0040] The present invention contributes to solve the above and other inconveniences, providing a lifting device for raising, according to a vertical direction, an octagonal and hollow prismatic corrugated cardboard drum. Said drum is provided with a body of eight thin and smooth faces separated by folds parallel to the vertical direction. The drum is closed at the bottom with a base, and is open at the top. Said eight faces define an intrados and an extrados of said drum.
[0041] Each face of said body may include one or more layers of corrugated cardboard, which causes its thickness to vary. Said corrugated cardboard comprises at least one sheet of plain paper and a sheet of corrugated paper, attached to each other. This type of corrugated cardboard is known as simple face. Thus, double-sided corrugated cardboard is provided within the scope of the present invention, provided with two sheets of plain paper between which at least one sheet of corrugated paper is sandwiched, triple-sided corrugated cardboard, etc.
[0042]
[0043] Said apparatus comprises a lifting support provided with a coupling attachable to a lifting device. Examples of said lifting device can be a forklift, hoist, bridge crane, among others.
[0044]
[0045] Likewise, four first pressure members facing two to two, connected to said lifting support and which are movable between an open position configured not to exert pressure against a suffering structure and a closed position configured to exert pressure on a face of said drum faced with the structure suffridera.
[0046]
[0047] The apparatus also comprises a suffering structure operatively connected to the lifting support or that is an integral part of the lifting support against which the four pressure members press in use in the closed position.
[0048]
[0049] Likewise, the suffering structure comprises four first lateral suffering walls, which provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction of elevation, and facing two to two.
[0050]
[0051] Said first four lateral suffering walls define an octagonal contour of eight sides suitable for coupling by the top of the drum. Said octagonal contour is configured so that each first side wall is facing and attached in use with a respective alternate face of the drum.
[0052]
[0053] Optionally, each pair of first flat lateral suffering walls are separated distances greater than the length of the other pair of first lateral suffering walls, whereby the lateral ends of each first lateral suffering wall define an octagonal contour where the eight sides do not They are equal.
[0054]
[0055] In said apparatus, each first movable pressure member is faced with a respective first side wall of the wall structure.
[0056]
[0057] In addition, in the apparatus, each first pressure member is configured to press in use in the closed position a respective alternate face of the drum against a respective first side wall.
[0058] Also, in said apparatus the distance between the pressure surface of each first pressure member in its closed position and its respective first alternating side wall is between 3 and 50 mm.
[0059]
[0060] Thus, the present invention provides an apparatus for vertically raising an octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum provided with eight thin and smooth faces, without breaking, crushing or crushing the corrugated paper sheet or sheets that form an integral part of the corrugated cardboard, and without deforming the top of the drum or its side faces.
[0061]
[0062] Also, the quality of the corrugated cardboard can be diminished, and therefore, the manufacturing cost of the drum can decrease without the sheets of corrugated paper being crushed or broken when the drum is handled with said lifting apparatus.
[0063]
[0064] Preferably, said apparatus further comprises a positioning element that delimits a position of maximum coupling according to the vertical direction of the first four lateral side walls.
[0065]
[0066] In one option, in said apparatus each first movable pressure member is arranged on the outside of its respective first side wall of the pavement structure and is configured to press in the closed position a respective face of the drum extrados, and said first Side side walls are fixed and are configured to be facing and attached with a respective face of the drum intrados.
[0067]
[0068] In an alternative option, in said apparatus each first movable pressure member is disposed on the inside of its respective first lateral suffering wall of the suffering structure and is configured to press in the closed position a respective alternate face of the drum intrados, and Said first side walls are fixed and are configured to be facing and attached with a respective face of the extrados of the drum.
[0069]
[0070] In yet another alternative option, in the apparatus each first movable pressure member is disposed on the outside of its respective first lateral suffering wall of the suffering structure and is configured to press in the closed position a respective alternate face of the drum side, and said first lateral suffering walls are movable and are configured to be in their closed position facing and attached with a respective face of the drum intrados.
[0071]
[0072] Preferably, the positioning element is an insertion limit stop.
[0073] Preferably, the suffering structure also comprises four second lateral suffering walls, which provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction of elevation, and facing two to two.
[0074]
[0075] Said four second lateral suffering walls, together with the first four lateral suffering walls, define said octagonal contour of eight sides. The first four and four second side walls are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour. Said octagonal contour is suitable for coupling by the top of the drum. Likewise, said octagonal contour is configured so that in use each of the eight lateral suffering walls is arranged facing and attached with each of the eight faces of the extrados or intrados of the drum.
[0076]
[0077] Also preferably, the apparatus comprises four second pressure members, arranged by the inner or outer part of the suffering structure, connected to said lifting support.
[0078]
[0079] Said second pressure members are movable between an open position configured so as not to exert pressure on the suffering structure and a closed position configured to exert pressure on a face of the drum facing the suffering structure.
[0080]
[0081] Each second movable pressure member is faced with a respective second side wall of the wall structure.
[0082]
[0083] Likewise, each second pressure member presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face of the drum against a respective second side wall.
[0084]
[0085] The distance between each second pressure member in its closed position and its respective second side wall is between 3 and 50 mm.
[0086]
[0087] Thus, the eight faces of the drum are held in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members against their respective first lateral suffering walls and the pressure of the four second pressure members against the respective four second lateral suffering walls.
[0088]
[0089] Preferably, in the apparatus, said lifting support and said suffering structure are slidably connected, said lifting support being movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members they are in said open position, and a lifting position where the first and / or second pressure members are in said closed position.
[0090]
[0091] In a preferred mode, the apparatus further comprises a linear guide element attached to the suffering structure that guides said lifting support with respect to said suffering structure according to the vertical direction of elevation. In addition, the apparatus comprises four or eight arms mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure perpendicular to the vertical direction. Each of said arms is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end. Likewise, each of the arms is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member. Also, each of the arms is operatively connected by its respective proximal end to a central support.
[0092]
[0093] The central support is connected in a guided way according to the vertical direction to said lifting support. Said central support is movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members are in the open position, and an upper position where the first and / or second pressure members are in the closed position.
[0094]
[0095] Also in this preferred mode, the apparatus comprises a locking and unlocking device operatively connected to the lifting support and to the central support that locks and unlocks the central support with respect to the suffering structure.
[0096]
[0097] In addition, the locking and unlocking device is provided with a first position, where the first and / or second pressure members are lockable in the closed position and once locked keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support.
[0098]
[0099] Optionally, the locking and unlocking device is provided with a second position where the first and / or second pressure members are unlocked, being movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the support of elevation.
[0100]
[0101] Optionally, the locking device is provided with a third position, wherein the first and / or second pressure members are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position and maintain said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support.
[0102]
[0103] In an alternative option, the locking and unlocking device is supported on the lifting support and locks it with respect to the suffering structure and the first and / or second pressure members in the closed position when the coupling is pulled in the vertical direction with upward direction to raise the drum, and maintains the blocking of the first and / or second pressure members during the lifting and after lowering the drum.
[0104]
[0105] Optionally to the previous paragraph, the apparatus further comprises a second locking and unlocking device supported on the lifting support, which blocks the lifting support with respect to the suffering structure, and which blocks the first and / or second pressure members in the position open when the coupling is pulled in the vertical direction upwards to raise the drum.
[0106] Optionally, each first and / or second side wall is provided with a flat pressure surface landscape of lateral ends corresponding to the folds of the drum. Thus, the deformation of the upper part of the drum is further reduced.
[0107]
[0108] In addition, the first pressure members and / or the first suffering walls are separated a distance, in the vertical direction of elevation, from the positioning element so that they produce a pressure on faces of the drum below the upper edge thereof.
[0109]
[0110] The term "thin faces" comprises faces whose thickness is between 3 and 50 mm, or a technically equivalent thickness.
[0111]
[0112] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0113]
[0114] To complement the description that is being made of the object of the present invention and to help a better understanding of the characteristics that distinguish it, it is accompanied in the present specification, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in those that with illustrative and non-limiting nature have represented the following:
[0115]
[0116] Fig. 1 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention according to a first embodiment;
[0117]
[0118] Fig. 2 shows a bottom perspective view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;
[0119] Fig. 3 shows a bottom plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 1, where a section A-A is indicated;
[0120]
[0121] Fig. 4 shows a top plan view of the apparatus of the present invention according to a third embodiment;
[0122]
[0123] Fig. 5 is the view of Fig. 6 with the pressure members in the open position;
[0124]
[0125] Fig. 6 is the sectional view of Fig. 3 with the pressure members being in the closed position, and where the apparatus has been inserted through the top of the drum shown in Figs. 13 to 15;
[0126]
[0127] Fig. 7 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention according to a second embodiment;
[0128]
[0129] Fig. 8 shows a bottom perspective view of the apparatus of Fig. 7;
[0130]
[0131] Fig. 9 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention according to a third embodiment;
[0132]
[0133] Fig. 10 shows a bottom perspective view of the apparatus of Fig. 9;
[0134]
[0135] Figs. 11 and 12 are top perspective views of the locking and unlocking device and the second device for locking and unlocking the apparatus, where the coupling is not shown for clarity;
[0136]
[0137] Fig. 13 is a top perspective view of a corrugated cardboard drum, where a detail view IV is indicated;
[0138]
[0139] Fig. 14 is the detail view IV of Fig. 13; Y
[0140]
[0141] Fig. 15 is a top perspective view of the apparatus of the present invention according to the third embodiment, coupled by the top of the drum of Fig. 13.
[0142] Fig. 16 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus according to a fourth embodiment with the pressure members in the closed position;
[0143]
[0144] Fig. 17 shows the bottom perspective view of Fig. 16, where an inner funnel has not been visualized for clarity;
[0145]
[0146] Fig. 18 shows a top plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 16;
[0147] Fig. 19 shows a bottom view of the apparatus of Fig. 16;
[0148]
[0149] Fig. 20 shows a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 16, where some parts of the apparatus have not been visualized to show in detail the lifting support and the central support, and where the drum on which it is also shown is shown. the apparatus is placed with the pressure members in the closed position;
[0150]
[0151] Fig. 21 shows a side view of the apparatus of Fig. 16, where some parts of the apparatus have not been visualized to show in detail the locking device, and where the drum on which the apparatus is placed is also shown with the first and second pressure members in closed position;
[0152]
[0153] Fig. 22 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 16 in its first position, in which the first and second pressure members are in the open position;
[0154]
[0155] Figs. 23 and 24 show respective side views of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 16 in its first position, in which the first and second pressure members are in the closed position;
[0156]
[0157] Fig. 25 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 16 in its second position, in which the first and second pressure members are unlocked, being movable between the open and closed position;
[0158]
[0159] Fig. 26 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 16 in its third position, in the absence of a lifting force in the lifting support;
[0160]
[0161] Fig. 27 shows a side view of the locking device of the apparatus of Fig. 16 in its third position, in the presence of a lifting force in the lifting support;
[0162]
[0163] Fig. 28 shows a top perspective view of the apparatus of the fourth embodiment placed on the drum with the first and second pressure members in closed position;
[0164]
[0165] Figs. 29 and 30 show a top and bottom perspective view, respectively, of the apparatus according to a fifth embodiment;
[0166] Figs. 31 and 32 show a top plan view and a bottom plan view of the apparatus of Fig. 29;
[0167]
[0168] Fig. 33 is the sectional view according to section B-B of Fig. 32, and wherein the apparatus, which has the pressure members in the open position, has been introduced through the top of the drum shown in Figs. 13 and 14; Y
[0169]
[0170] Fig. 34 is the sectional view of Fig. 33 with the pressure members in the closed position.
[0171]
[0172] DETAILED EXHIBITION OF EMBODIMENTS / EXAMPLES
[0173]
[0174] Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 show a first embodiment of the lifting apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of octagonal and hollow prismatic corrugated cardboard.
[0175]
[0176] An example of said drum (80) is shown in detail in Figs. 13 to 15. Said drum (80) is provided with a body (85) of eight thin and smooth faces (81) separated by folds (82) parallel to the vertical direction (Z). The drum (80) is closed at its bottom with a base (83). The drum (80) is open at its top. Said eight faces (81) of the drum (80) define an intrados and an extrados of said drum (80).
[0177] In Fig. 14 the layers (86) of the body (85) that make up said drum (80) are shown in detail. In Figs. 13 and 14 the body (85) comprises two layers (86). Each of the layers (86) of the example may represent a triple-sided corrugated cardboard. The triple-sided corrugated cardboard comprises three smooth sheets (87), two outer and one inner, between which two corrugated sheets (88) are interspersed alternately. In Fig. 14 it is observed that one wave of a corrugated sheet (88) is smaller and the other wave of the other corrugated sheet (88) is larger.
[0178]
[0179] Going back to Figs. 1 and 2, the lifting apparatus (50) comprises a lifting support (1) with a coupling (2) fixedly connected to the lifting support (1). The coupling (2) is attachable to a lifting device (not shown).
[0180]
[0181] In Figs. 1 to 3 it is shown that the lifting apparatus (50) includes four first pressure members (41) facing two to two and connected to said lifting support (1). The first four pressure members (41) are movable between an open position (Fig. 5) configured not to exert pressure against a structure sufridera (6) and a closed position (Fig. 6) configured to exert pressure on a face (81) of said drum (80) facing the sufridera structure (6).
[0182]
[0183] Following in Figs. 1 to 3, the lifting apparatus (50) comprises a suffering structure (6) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) against which the four pressure members (41) press in use in the closed position (Fig. 6). The sufridera structure (6) is slidably connected to the lifting support (1) through a linear guide element (16), materialized in a tube.
[0184]
[0185] Said sufferer structure (6) shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 comprises four first lateral suffering walls (51) that provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, and facing two to two (Fig. 3).
[0186]
[0187] Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show that said four lateral suffering walls (51) define an octagonal contour (C) of eight sides suitable for coupling by the top of the drum (80). In Fig. 3 the octagonal contour (C) is shown in dashed line and dot. In Figs. 5 and 6 shows said apparatus (50) introduced by the top of the drum (80). Said octagonal contour (C) is configured so that, in use, each first lateral bearing wall (51) is facing and attached with a respective alternate face (81) of the drum intrados (80), as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In this example, the first side walls (51) are fixed.
[0188]
[0189] Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 show that in said apparatus (50) each first movable pressure member (41) is facing and disposed by the outside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6) ).
[0190]
[0191] Fig. 5 shows that, in the apparatus (50), each first pressure member (41) is configured to press in use in the closed position a respective alternate face (81) of the drum can (80) against a respective first side wall (51).
[0192]
[0193] Figs. 1 to 3 show that in said apparatus (50) the distance (D1) between the pressure surface of each first pressure member (41) in its closed position and its respective first alternating lateral bearing wall (51) is between 3 and 50 mm Said distance (D1) is associated with the thickness of the layers (86) of the body (85) of the drum (80).
[0194]
[0195] Figs. 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 show that the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises a positioning element (35) that delimits a position of maximum coupling according to the vertical direction (Z) of the first four lateral side walls (51) to the top of the drum (80). The positioning element (35) is an octagonal contour plate whose projections associated with each first side wall (51) are coupling limiting stops (53).
[0196]
[0197] In Figs. 5 and 6 the first pressure members (41) and the first suffering walls (51) are separated a distance, in the vertical direction (Z) of elevation, from the positioning element so that they produce a pressure on faces (81) of the drum (80) below the upper edge thereof.
[0198]
[0199] According to a second embodiment of the lifting apparatus (50) of the present invention, Figs. 7 and 8 show that the lifting apparatus (50) comprises the characteristics and elements of the first embodiment and in addition the suffering structure (6) comprises four second lateral suffering walls (52). Said four second lateral bearing walls (52) provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, and facing two to two.
[0200]
[0201] In Figs. 7 and 8, the four second lateral suffering walls (52), together with the first four lateral walls (51), define said octagonal contour (C) of eight sides. The first four and four second lateral suffering walls (51, 52) are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour (C). Said octagonal contour (C) is suitable for coupling by the upper part of the drum (80).
[0202]
[0203] Likewise, in use, each of the eight lateral suffering walls (51, 52) is arranged facing and attached to each of the eight faces (81) of the drum intrados (80). Fig. 15 shows this situation for the third embodiment, which will be explained later.
[0204]
[0205] According to a third embodiment of the lifting apparatus (50) of the present invention, Figs. 4, 9 to 12 and 15 show that the lifting apparatus (50) comprises the elements and characteristics of the second embodiment and also four second pressure members (42). Said four second pressure members (42) are arranged on the outside of the suffering structure (6) and connected to said lifting support (1).
[0206]
[0207] In addition, said four second pressure members (42) are movable between an open position configured not to exert pressure on the suffering structure (6) and a closed position configured to exert pressure on a face (81) of the drum (80) facing the sufridera structure (6).
[0208] In Figs. 9 and 10 it can be seen that each second movable pressure member (42) is facing and disposed on the outside of a respective first side wall (52) of the wall structure (6).
[0209]
[0210] Likewise, in Fig. 15 it is shown that each second pressure member (42) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80) against a respective second lateral suffering wall (52) .
[0211]
[0212] In Fig. 15, the eight faces (81) of the drum (80) are fastened in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members (41) against their respective first lateral suffering walls (51) and the pressure of the four second pressure members (42) against the respective four second lateral side walls (52).
[0213] In Fig. 10 it can be seen that the distance (D1) between each second pressure member (42) in its closed position and its respective second side wall (52) is between 3 and 50 mm. Said distance (D1) is associated with the thickness of the layers (86) of the body (85) of the drum (80).
[0214]
[0215] In the first, second and third embodiment of the apparatus (50), said lifting support (1) and said suffering structure (6) are slidably connected through the central support (10) parallel with the XY plane which forms an integral part of the lifting support (1) and the linear guide element (16) materialized in a tube aligned with the vertical direction (Z) that forms an integral part of the suffering structure (6). Thus, said lifting support (1) is movable between a lower position (Fig. 5), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position; and a lifting position (Fig. 6), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position.
[0216]
[0217] In the first, second and third embodiments, the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises said linear guiding element (16) embodied in a tube attached to the suffering structure (6) that guides said lifting support (1) with respect to said suffering structure (6) according to the vertical direction (Z) of elevation. Likewise, the apparatus comprises four or eight arms (7) mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure (6) perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z).
[0218]
[0219] Each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end, is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42), and is operatively connected by its respective end proximal to said central support (10).
[0220] Also these embodiments include a central support (10) connected in a guided manner according to the vertical direction (Z) to said lifting support (1), said central support (10) being movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position, and an upper position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position.
[0221]
[0222] Likewise, these embodiments comprise a locking and unlocking device (60) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) and the central support (10) that locks and unlocks the central support (10) with respect to the suffering structure (6).
[0223] In Figs. 9 to 12 shows that the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a first position (P1), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable in the closed position and once locked they keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support (1).
[0224]
[0225] In the first, second and third embodiment of the apparatus (50), the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises a locking and unlocking device (60) supported on the lifting support (1). The locking and unlocking device (60) blocks the lifting support (1) with respect to the bearing structure (6) and blocks the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) in the closed position when the coupling is pulled (2) in the vertical direction (Z) upwards to raise the drum (80). Also, the locking and unlocking device (60) maintains the blocking of the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) during lifting and after lowering the drum (80).
[0226]
[0227] Figs. 11 and 12 show in detail said locking and unlocking device (60), comprising two auxiliary supports (22) shaped like lugs supported on the lifting support (1), a four axis (E4) supported on both ends by a respective auxiliary support (22), and a lever (18) with a tip (29) that pivots around the fourth axis (E4). It also comprises an elastic element (20), materialized in a tension spring, connected to the lifting support (1) at its end and the lever (18) at its other end. It also comprises a rack (8) attached to the linear guide element (16) aligned with the vertical direction (Z), which forms an integral part of the suffering structure (6).
[0228] The lever (18) pivots around the four axis (E4) between a first locking position (P1), configured so that its tip (29) is interlocked between the teeth of a rack (8) practiced in the linear guide element (16), and an unlocked position configured so that its tip (29) does not contact the teeth of the rack (8). The lever (18) is locked against the rack (8) by the action of the elastic element (20) materialized in said tension spring. The lever (18) has a handle (62) at its end.
[0229]
[0230] Combining Figs. 9 to 12, when the coupling (2) supported on the lifting support (1) is pulled, the central support (10) and the locking and unlocking device (60) slide upwards according to the vertical direction (Z) by the tube that forms an integral part of the suffering structure (6). Thus, the tip (29) of the lever (18) is interlocked in the rack (8) structurally supported in the suffering structure (6) by the action of the elastic element (20). To unlock said locking and unlocking device (60) it is sufficient to manually operate the lever (18) counterclockwise when the coupling (2) is not pulled.
[0231]
[0232] In the first, second and third embodiment of the lifting apparatus (50), the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises a second locking and unlocking device (13) supported on the lifting support (1). The second locking and unlocking device (13) blocks the lifting support (1) with respect to the suffering structure (6) and the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) in the open position when the coupling is pulled (2) in the vertical direction (Z) upwards to raise the drum (80).
[0233]
[0234] Figs. 11 and 12 show in detail said second locking and unlocking device (13), which comprises an auxiliary lever (14) with an auxiliary tip (31), and a hole (32) made in the suffering structure (6). The auxiliary lever (14) is supported on the four axis (E4) which is in turn supported on auxiliary supports (22) supported on the lifting support (1). The auxiliary lever (14) is movable between a locked position and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the auxiliary tip (31) of the auxiliary lever (14) is locked in said hole (32) made in the tube as part of the suffering structure (6). In the unlocked position, said auxiliary tip (31) is not partially or maybe inserted into the hole (32). The auxiliary lever (14) has an auxiliary handle (27) at its end.
[0235] In Figs. 11 and 12, lever (18) and auxiliary lever (14) are supported on the four axis (E4) by means of spacers (33) materialized in washers. Said four axis (E4) is constituted by a screw with head.
[0236]
[0237] In the first, second and third embodiment of the apparatus (50), each first and / or second side wall (51, 52) is provided with a flat pressure surface landscape of lateral ends (56) corresponding to the folds (82) of the drum (80).
[0238]
[0239] In the third embodiment, Figs. 9 and 10, it is shown that the lifting apparatus (50) includes a chamfer (54) associated with each of the lateral suffering walls (51, 52) whose folding is directed towards the interior of the apparatus (50). Thus, the coupling operation of the apparatus (50) in the upper part of the drum (80) is facilitated.
[0240]
[0241] The apparatus (50) of the first and second embodiment comprises four arms (7), while the third embodiment comprises eight arms (7). Said arms (7) are mounted radially according to an XY plane perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z). Specifically, Figs. 1, 4, 7 and 9 show that said arms (7) are installed in respective hinge support (25), which are mounted on the positioning element (35) that is an integral part of the suffering structure (6).
[0242]
[0243] Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 5 to 10, each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end. Each of said arms (7) is connected to the suffering structure (6) pivotally by means of a respective hinge support (25) and respective first axis (E1). Likewise, each of the arms (7) is connected by its proximal end pivotally to the central support (10) that forms an integral part of the lifting support (1) by means of a respective second axis (E2). Furthermore, for the first and second embodiments each distal end of an arm (7) is fixedly connected to a respective first pressure member (41). In the third embodiment each distal end of an arm (7) is fixedly connected to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42). The arms (7) are materialized in L-shaped plates (3).
[0244]
[0245] Following in Figs. 5 and 6, each arm (7) further comprises a respective link (5) provided with a lower end and an upper end. Said lower end of the link (5) is pivotally connected to the proximal end of the arm (7) by said second axis (E2). Said upper end of the link (5) is pivotally connected to the third axis (E3). Each arm (7) further comprises a third axis (E3) that pivotally connects the upper end of the link (5) with the lifting support (1) by means of a respective second hinge element (9).
[0246] In Figs. 5 and 6 it is shown in detail that said arms (7) can pivot around the first axis (E1) between the open position (Fig. 5) when the lifting support (1) is in its lower position, and the closed position (Fig. 6) when the lifting support (1) is in its upper position. Said lifting support (1) is movable between said lower and upper positions thanks to the sliding connection between the linear guide element (16) materialized in a tube that forms an integral part of the suffering structure (6) and the central support (10 ) which is part of the lifting support (1).
[0247]
[0248] In the first embodiment, the lifting apparatus (50) comprises four coupling limiting stops (53), materialized in projections, associated with four respective first side walls (51) opposite two to two. In the second and third embodiments, the lifting apparatus (50) comprises eight projections, associated with eight respective lateral suffering walls (51, 52). Figs. 1, 2 and 5 to 10 show that the projections are each provided with respective supporting surface in an XY plane perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z) that supports in use (Figs. 5 and 6) against the edge of the upper opening of the drum (80). Said projections are an embodiment of the positioning element (35).
[0249]
[0250] Figs. 16 to 28 show a fourth embodiment of the lifting apparatus (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), for example, the octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard drum (80) of Figs. 13, 14 and 28, described above.
[0251]
[0252] It is observed in Figs. 16 and 17 that the lifting apparatus (50) comprises a lifting support (1) provided with a coupling (2) attachable to a lifting device (not shown).
[0253]
[0254] Figs. 16 to 21 show that the lifting apparatus (50) comprises four first pressure members (41) facing two to two, connected to said lifting support (1) and which are movable between an open position (Fig. 19) configured to not exerting pressure against a suffering structure (6) and a closed position (Fig. 20) configured to exert pressure on a face (81) of said drum (80) facing the suffering structure (6).
[0255] Following in Figs. 16 to 21, it is observed that the lifting apparatus (50) comprises a suffering structure (6) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) against which the four pressure members (41) press in use in the closed position. Fig. 20 shows two first pressure members (41) that press against respective first lateral suffering walls (51) belonging to the suffering structure (6) and press in use two faces (81) of the drum (80). Looking at Figs. 20 and 21, two linear guidance elements (16), materialized in respective rectangular plates, which are an integral part of the suffering structure (6), connect the suffering structure (6) and the lifting support (1) according to the vertical direction (Z). Fig. 16 shows two covers (17) materialized in two plates that protect respective locking and unlocking devices (60) from the outside. The locking and unlocking device (60) will be detailed later.
[0256]
[0257] Said sufferer structure (6) shown in Figs. 16 to 21, it comprises four first lateral suffering walls (51) that provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, and facing two to two as detailed in Figs. 18 and 19.
[0258]
[0259] Figs. 17, 18 and 19 show that said first four lateral suffering walls (51) define an octagonal contour (C) of eight sides suitable for coupling by the top of the drum (80). In Figs. 20, 21 and 28 shows said apparatus (50) introduced by the upper part of the drum (80). Figs. 20 and 21 show that said octagonal contour (C) is configured so that, in use, each first lateral bearing wall (51) is facing and attached in use with a respective alternating face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80). The lateral side walls (51) are fixed.
[0260]
[0261] Figs. 16 to 21 show in detail that each first movable pressure member (41) is facing and disposed by the inside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6).
[0262]
[0263] Fig. 20 shows that each first pressure member (41) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternate face (81) of the drum intrados (80) against a respective first lateral bearing wall (51).
[0264]
[0265] In Figs. 17, 19 and 21, the distance between the pressure surface of each first pressure member (41) in its closed position and its respective alternate lateral side wall (51) is between 3 and 50 mm. Said distance is associated with the thickness of the layers (86) of the body (85) of the drum (80).
[0266] Figs. 16 to 21 show that the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises a positioning element (35) that delimits a position of maximum engagement according to the vertical direction (Z) of the first four lateral side walls (51) to the top of the drum (80). The positioning element (35) is an octagonal contour plate whose sides associated with each first side wall (51) are coupling limiting stops (53).
[0267]
[0268] Figs. 16 to 21 show that the suffering structure (6) further comprises four second lateral suffering walls (52), which provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, and facing two to two as detailed in Figs. 18 and 19.
[0269]
[0270] In Figs. 17 to 19 the four second side walls (52) next to the first four side walls (51) define the octagonal contour (C) of eight sides. The first four and four second lateral suffering walls (51, 52) are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour (C). Figs. 20, 21 and 28 show that said octagonal contour (C) is suitable for coupling by the top of the drum (80) of Figs. 13, 14 and 28.
[0271]
[0272] In Figs. 20, 21 and 28, said octagonal contour (C) is configured so that in use each of the eight lateral suffering walls (51, 52) is arranged facing and attached with each of the eight faces (81) of the extrados of the drum (80).
[0273] Figs. 16 to 21 show that the apparatus (50) further comprises four second pressure members (42), arranged on the inside of the suffering structure (6), and connected to said lifting support (1).
[0274]
[0275] Said four second pressure members (42) are movable between an open position (Fig. 19) configured not to exert pressure on the suffering structure (6) and a closed position (Fig. 20) configured to exert pressure on the suffering structure ( 6).
[0276]
[0277] Figs. 17 and 19 show that each second movable pressure member (42) is disposed on the inside of its respective second side wall (52) of the wall structure (6).
[0278]
[0279] Likewise, in Figs. 20 and 28 each second pressure member (42) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternating face (81) of the drum intrados (80) against a respective second side wall (52).
[0280] In Figs. 19 and 20 the distance between each second pressure member (42) in its closed position and its respective second side wall (52) is between 3 and 50 mm. Said distance is associated with the thickness of the layers (86) of the body (85) of the drum (80) of Figs. 13, 14 and 28.
[0281]
[0282] In Figs. 20 and 28, the eight faces (81) of the drum (80) are held in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members (41) against their respective first lateral suffering walls (51) and the pressure of the four second members of pressure (42) against the respective four second lateral side walls (52).
[0283]
[0284] Fig. 20 shows in detail that the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises two linear guiding elements (16) embodied in plates attached to the suffering structure (6) defining a guiding cavity (69). The linear guide elements (16) guide said lifting support (1) with respect to said suffering structure (6) according to the vertical direction (Z) of elevation by the guide cavity (69). In turn, the lifting support (1) has two elongated members (1a) provided with an upper elbow and a lower elbow at its ends that abut against the suffering structure (6) in the extreme positions of the guide cavity (69). The lifting support (1) is provided with a lifting support opening (1b) defined by said elongated members (1a).
[0285]
[0286] Also in this fourth embodiment, Fig. 16-21, and in detail Fig. 18, show that the lifting apparatus (50) comprises a total of twelve arms (7) mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure (6 ). The XY plane is perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z). In Figs. 16 to 18 it can be seen that the twelve arms (7) are mounted on the positioning element (35) aligned with the XY plane. The sufridera structure (6) comprises two branches (4) that fixedly connect the octagonal contour plate with the linear guide elements (16)
[0287]
[0288] Each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end. Figs. 16, 20 and 21 show that each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42). In Figs. 16 to 19 it is shown that each first pressure member (41) is connected to two arms (7) while each second pressure member is connected to one arm (7).
[0289]
[0290] In Figs. 16 to 21 it can be seen that each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective proximal end to a central support (10). The central support (10) is provided with a central member (11) where respective third joints (A3) are supported in which the respective arms (7) are connected. Fig. 20 shows that the central support (10) is operatively connected to zippers (8), specifically the zippers (8) are attached to the central support (10).
[0291]
[0292] In Fig. 20 it is shown that the lifting apparatus (50) further comprises said central support (10), which is slidably connected according to the vertical direction (Z) to said lifting support (1) and to the suffering structure ( 6) using the linear guidance elements (16). Said central support (10) is movable between a lower position where the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position (Figs. 22, 25 to 27), and a lifting position where the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position (Figs. 16, 17, 19 to 21, 23 and 24).
[0293]
[0294] Figs. 16 to 18 and 21 show that the locking and unlocking device (60) is operatively connected to the lifting support (1) and the central support (10). The locking and unlocking device (60) locks and unlocks the central support (10) with respect to the suffering structure (6).
[0295]
[0296] Figs. 22 to 24 show that the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a first position (P1), wherein the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable in the closed position. Once locked, the first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[0297]
[0298] Fig. 25 shows that the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a second position (P2), wherein the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked. The first and second pressure members (41, 42) are movable between said open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[0299]
[0300] Figs. 26 and 27 show that the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a third position (P3), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position . The first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep their respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[0301] Referring to Figs. 21 and 22, the locking and unlocking device (60) comprises a rotating latch (61) pivotally mounted on the suffering structure (6) by means of a latch pivot (67).
[0302]
[0303] The locking and unlocking device (60) further comprises a guide groove (68) with a first guide section (68a, 68d) made in the rotating latch (61). The guide section (68a, 68d) is provided with a first guide end (68d) and a second guide end (68a). The first guide section (68a, 68d) associated with the first position (P1) of the locking device (60).
[0304]
[0305] Following in Figs. 21 and 22, the locking and unlocking device (60) comprises a guide pin (64) fixed to said lifting support (1). The guide pin (64) is inserted in said guide groove (68) so that it can run along it.
[0306]
[0307] Likewise, Figs. 21 and 22 show that the locking and unlocking device (60) comprises a rack (8) practiced on the central support (10). The rack (8) moves in a guided manner through the inside of the lifting support opening (13) of the lifting support (1). The zipper (8) has an edge of teeth on each of its two sides, whereby each stop (71) is associated with a respective edge of teeth, and the retaining element (73) is connected on both sides to a respective stop (71).
[0308]
[0309] Also, in Figs. 21 and 22, the locking and unlocking device (60) comprises two links (65) pivotally supported by their respective ends in the bearing structure (6) by means of respective second pivots (74). The two links (65) are provided at their respective respective ends with respective stops (71) that press against the edge of the teeth of the rack (8).
[0310]
[0311] Following in Figs. 20 to 22, the locking and unlocking device (60) comprises a retaining element (73) embodied in a tension spring that presses the two stops (71) against the rack (8). In Fig. 20 it is observed that the stops (71) run through a linear groove made in a guide piece (72).
[0312]
[0313] Thus, in Fig. 21 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are in the closed position since the central support (10) and the rack connector (12a) that is part of the central support (10) is in the lower position. In Fig. 22 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are open. In Fig. 22 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable to closed position when the lifting support is lifted (1). In Fig. 23 the lifting support (1) is raised and the central support (10) is in the upper position.
[0314]
[0315] With this, the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in Fig. 23. The first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep said closed position regardless of the presence (Fig. 23) or absence. (Fig. 24) of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[0316]
[0317] In Figs. 22 to 27 the guide groove (68) of the locking and unlocking device (60) further comprises a guide recess (68c) adjacent to the second guide end (68a). In Fig. 25 it can be seen that the guide pin (64) is insertable in said guide recess (68c) so that it can run along it. The guide recess (68c) is associated with the second position (P2) of the locking device (60). Said second position (P2) is shown in Fig. 25.
[0318]
[0319] Figs. 22 to 25 show that the rotating latch (61) is operable between the first position (P1) and the second position (P2) thanks to the rotation of the same environment to the latch pivot (67) between the second guide end (68a) and the incoming guide (68c). In this first embodiment, the latch (67) is manually operable through the handle (62) attached to the latch arm (61c). The handle (62) rotates the latch arm (61c) and the latch (67) in use.
[0320]
[0321] Fig. 25 shows that in the second position (P2) the guide pin (64) is inserted into a third guide end of the guide recess (68c). In Fig. 10 the rotating latch (61) pushes the link (65), and the two stops (71) of the respective links (65) do not press against the rack (8).
[0322]
[0323] Thus, in Fig. 25, the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked and are movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1) .
[0324] Figs. 26 and 27 show that the guide slot (68) of the locking and unlocking device (60) further comprises a second guide recess (68b) adjacent to the guide recess (68c). In Figs. 26 and 27 the guide pin (64) is insertable in said second guide recess (68b) so that it can run along it. The second guide recess (68c) is associated with the third position (P3) of the locking device (60).
[0325]
[0326] Figs. 22 to 27 show that the rotary latch (61) is operable between the first (P1), second (P2) and third (P3) position. Fig. 27 shows the third position (P3) of the locking device (60), where the guide pin (64) is inserted into the second guide inlet (68b), the rotating latch (61) does not push the two links (65), and the respective stops (71) of said links (65) press against the rack (8).
[0327]
[0328] Thus, in Figs. 26 and 27 the first and second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position. The first and second pressure members (41, 42) keep said respective positions open or closed regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force in the lifting support (1).
[0329]
[0330] In Figs. 16 to 27 it is shown that the locking and unlocking device (60) further comprises a second retention element (63) that retains the rotating latch (61) at its top in the first, second and third position (P1, P2, P3). In Figs. 17 and 22 to 27 it can be seen that the second retaining element (63) is embodied in a U-shaped piece with an angled end that fits in use against the rotating latch (61). The retaining element (63) fits into a first or second notch (61b, 61a) made in the rotating latch (61). The first notch (61b) retains the rotating latch (61) in the first position (P1) of the locking device (60). The second notch (61a) retains the rotating latch (61) in the third position of the locking device (60). In the second position (P2) the second retention element (63) is supported on the profile of the rotating latch (61) and retains it.
[0331]
[0332] In Figs. 16 to 28, the apparatus comprises two locking devices (60), one arranged on each side of the lifting support (1). In Figs. 16 and 17 it is shown that the two rotating latches (61) are connected to the same hand-operated handle (62) that rotates the rotating latches (61) in use.
[0333]
[0334] Figs. 16 to 19 and 28 show that each first and second lateral suffering wall (51, 52) is provided at its lower edge with a chamfer (54) inclined outwardly to facilitate the centering of said first and second lateral suffering walls (51, 52) on the faces (81) of the drum (80).
[0335]
[0336] In Figs. 16 to 21, each of the arms (7) is connected by its respective distal end pivotally by means of a respective first joint (A1) to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42) through a respective link (5). In Figs. 16 to 21 show that each first and second pressure member (41, 42) is fixed to a respective free end of a link (5), which pivot in use around their respective second joints (A2).
[0337] Following in Figs. 16 to 21, each of the first or second pressure members (41, 42) pivots in use around a respective second joint (A2) supported on the bearing structure (6). Each respective second joint (A2) is supported on a respective hinge support (25) fixed to the bearing structure (6).
[0338] In addition, each of the arms (7) is connected by its respective proximal end pivotally by means of a respective third joint (A3) to the central support (10).
[0339]
[0340] Thus, in Fig. 25 with the locking and unlocking device (60) being in the second position (P2), the central support (10) can be raised by manually activating it to its upper position (Figs. 16 and 23) according to the direction vertical (Z) by pivoting each arm (7) a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42) to its closed position. Also, in this second position of the locking device (60), the central support (10) can be lowered by manually operating it to its lower position (Figs.
[0341] 16, 17 and 20 to 22) according to the vertical direction (Z) each arm (7) pivots a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42) to its open position.
[0342]
[0343] Fig. 19 shows in detail that the apparatus (50) comprises an inner funnel provided with eight funnel walls (90, 91) connected to the suffering structure (6) that protect the product contained in the drum (80) from the movement of opening and closing of the respective first and / or second pressure members (41, 42). Said funnel walls (90, 91) are facing a respective first or second side wall (51, 52) and are in use facing the drum intrados (80).
[0344] Figs. 29 to 34 show a fifth embodiment of the lifting apparatus (50) comprising the features and elements of the third embodiment. However, in this fifth embodiment, each first and second movable pressure member (41, 42) is disposed on the outside of its respective first or second side wall (51, 52) of the wall structure (6) and presses on the closed position (Fig. 34) a respective alternating face (81) of the extrados of the canister (80), and said first and second lateral suffering walls (51, 52) are movable and remain in their closed position facing and attached with a respective alternate side (81) of the drum intrados (80). In this fifth embodiment the lateral suffering walls (51, 52) do not include the chamfer (54) of the third embodiment.
[0345]
[0346] Also unlike the third embodiment, in the fifth embodiment of Figs. 29 to 34, each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end. Each of said arms (7) is connected to the bearing structure (6) pivotally by means of a respective hinge support (25) and respective first axis (E1). Each distal end of an arm (7) is fixedly connected to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42). Following in Figs. 29, 30, 33 and 34, each arm (7) further comprises a respective link (5) provided with an outer end and an inner end. Said outer and inner end are pivotally connected by a second axis (E2) to respective L-shaped plates (3) that pivot about the first axis (E1). In each arm (7) an L-shaped plate (3) has a first or second pressure member (41, 42) attached and the other L-shaped plate (3) has a side wall (51, 52) ). Each arm (7) also comprises a third axis (E3) that pivotally connects the link (5) central support (10) that forms an integral part of the lifting support (1) by means of a respective second hinge element (9).

权利要求:
Claims (17)
[1]
1. Lifting device (50) for lifting, according to a vertical direction (Z), a drum (80) of hollow octagonal prismatic corrugated cardboard provided with a body (85) of eight thin and smooth faces (81) separated by folds ( 82) parallel to the vertical direction (Z), closed in its lower part with a base (83) and opened in its upper part, wherein said eight faces (81) define an intrados and an extrados of said drum (80), said apparatus (50) comprising:
- a lifting support (1) provided with a coupling (2) attachable to a lifting device;
- four first pressure members (41) facing two to two, connected to said lifting support (1) and which are movable between an open position configured not to exert pressure against a suffering structure (6) and a closed position configured to exert pressure on a face (81) of said drum (80) facing the suffering structure (6);
- a suffering structure (6) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) or forming an integral part of the lifting support (1) against which the four pressure members (41) press in the closed position,
characterized in that the suffering structure (6) comprises:
- four first lateral suffering walls (51), which provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, facing two to two, and defining an octagonal contour (C) of eight sides suitable for its coupling by the upper part of the drum (80), said octagonal contour (C) being configured so that each first side wall (51) is facing and attached in use with a respective alternate face (81) of the drum (80);
and because
- each first movable pressure member (41) is faced with a respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6),
- each first pressure member (41) is configured to press in use in the closed position a respective alternating face (81) of the drum (80) against a respective first lateral bearing wall (51); Y
- the distance between the pressure surface of each first pressure member (41) in its closed position and its respective first side lateral wall (51) is between 3 and 50 mm.
[2]
2. Apparatus (50) according to claim 1, further comprising a positioning element that delimits a position of maximum engagement according to the vertical direction (Z) of the first four lateral side walls (51).
[3]
3. Apparatus (50) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each first movable pressure member (41) is disposed on the outside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6) and is configured to press in the closed position a respective face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80), and said first lateral suffering walls (51) are fixed and are configured to be facing and attached with a respective face (81) of the intrados of the drum (80),
[4]
4. Apparatus (50) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each first movable pressure member (41) is disposed on the inside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6) and is configured to press in the closed position a respective face (81) of the drum intrados (80), and said first lateral suffering walls (51) are fixed and are configured to be faced and attached with a respective alternate face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80).
[5]
5. Apparatus (50) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each first movable pressure member (41) is disposed on the outside of its respective first side wall (51) of the wall structure (6) and is configured to press in the closed position a respective face (81) of the extrados of the drum (80), and said first lateral suffering walls (51) are movable and are configured to remain in their closed position facing and attached with a respective face (81) of the drum intrados (80).
[6]
6. Apparatus (50) according to any of claims 2 to 5, wherein the positioning element is an insertion limit stop (53).
[7]
7. Apparatus (50) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the suffering structure (6) further comprises
- four second lateral suffering walls (52), which provide respective flat pressure surfaces, parallel to said vertical direction (Z) of elevation, facing two to two, which together with the first four lateral suffering walls (51) define said contour octagonal (C) eight-sided, in where the first four and four second lateral suffering walls (51, 52) are arranged in alternate edges of the octagonal contour (C), said octagonal contour (C) being suitable for coupling by the top of the drum (80), and being said octagonal contour (C) configured so that in use each of the eight lateral suffering walls (51, 52) is arranged facing and attached to each of the eight faces (81) of the extrados or intrados of the drum (80).
[8]
8. Apparatus (50) according to claim 7, further comprising
- four second pressure members (42), arranged by the inner or outer part of the suffering structure (6), connected to said lifting support (1), and movable between an open position configured so as not to exert pressure on the suffering structure (6) and a closed position configured to exert pressure on one side (81) of the drum (80) facing the bearing structure (6);
and where:
- each second movable pressure member (42) is faced with a respective second side wall (52) of the wall structure (6),
- each second pressure member (42) presses in use in the closed position a respective alternating face (81) of the drum (80) against a respective second side wall (52),
- the distance between each second pressure member (42) in its closed position and its respective second side wall (52) is between 3 and 50 mm;
whereby the eight faces (81) of the drum are held in use by the pressure of the first four pressure members (41) against their respective first side wall walls (51) and the pressure of the four second pressure members (42 ) against the respective four second lateral side walls (52).
[9]
9. Apparatus (50) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said lifting support (1) and said suffering structure (6) are slidably connected, said lifting support (1) being movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position, and an elevation position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position.
[10]
10. Apparatus (50) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising
- a linear guide element (16) attached to the suffering structure (6) that guides said lifting support (1) with respect to said suffering structure (6) according to the vertical direction (Z) of elevation,
- four or eight arms (7) mounted radially on an XY plane of the suffering structure (6) perpendicular to the vertical direction (Z), where
or each of said arms (7) is provided with a respective proximal end and a respective distal end,
or each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective distal end to a respective first or second pressure member (41, 42);
or each of the arms (7) is operatively connected by its respective proximal end to a central support (10);
- a central support (10) connected in a guided manner according to the vertical direction (Z) to said lifting support (1), said central support (10) being movable between a lower position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said open position, and an upper position where the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are in said closed position; Y
- a locking and unlocking device (60) operatively connected to the lifting support (1) and the central support (10) that locks and unlocks the central support (10) with respect to the suffering structure (6).
[11]
11. Apparatus (50) according to claim 10, wherein the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a first position (P1), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are lockable in the closed position and once locked they keep said closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[12]
12. Apparatus (50) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a second position (P2) wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are unlocked, being movable between the open and closed position regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[13]
13. Apparatus (50) according to any of claims 11 or 12, wherein the locking and unlocking device (60) is provided with a third position (P3), wherein the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) are locked in the open position or locked in the closed position and keep said respective open or closed positions regardless of the presence or absence of a lifting force on the lifting support (1).
[14]
14. Apparatus (50) according to claim 10, wherein the locking and unlocking device (60) is supported on the lifting support (1) and blocks the lifting support (1) with respect to the suffering structure (6) and the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) in the closed position when the coupling (2) is pulled in the upward vertical direction to raise the drum (80), and maintains the blocking of the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) during lifting and after lowering the drum (80).
[15]
15. Apparatus (50) according to claim 14, further comprising a second locking and unlocking device (13) supported on the lifting support (1), which blocks the lifting support (1) with respect to the suffering structure (6) ), and that locks the first and / or second pressure members (41, 42) in the open position when the coupling (2) is pulled in the upward vertical direction to raise the drum (80).
[16]
16. Apparatus (50) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each first and / or second side wall (51, 52) is provided with a flat pressure surface landscape of lateral ends (56) corresponding to the folds (82). ) of the drum (80).
[17]
17. Apparatus (50) according to claim 2, wherein the first pressure members (41) and / or the first suffering walls (51) are separated a distance, in the vertical direction (Z) of elevation, from the positioning element so that they produce a pressure on faces (81) of the drum (80) below the upper edge thereof.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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ES2741445R1|2020-10-05|

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ES2741445B2|2021-06-10|

引用文献:

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优先权:

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ES201830670A|ES2737375B2|2018-07-04|2018-07-04|APPARATUS FOR VERTICALLY LIFTING A HOLLOW OCTAGONAL PRISMATIC CORRUGATED CARDBOARD DRUM EQUIPPED WITH EIGHT SMOOTH, SLIM SIDE FACES|

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ES201831041U|ES1217571Y|2018-07-04|2018-07-04|APPARATUS FOR VERTICALLY ELEVATING AN OCTOGONAL PRISMATIC CORRUGATED CARTON DRUM HOLLOWED WITH EIGHT SIDE AND SMOOTH SIDE FACES|

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ES201830669A|ES2737373B2|2018-07-04|2018-07-04|APPARATUS FOR VERTICALLY LIFTING A HOLLOW OCTAGONAL PRISMATIC CORRUGATED CARDBOARD DRUM EQUIPPED WITH EIGHT SMOOTH, SLIM SIDE FACES|

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